What figure represents Science in The Apotheosis of Washington?

In "The Apotheosis of Washington," the figure that represents Science is Minerva, the Roman goddess of wisdom, warfare, and strategic warfare. Minerva is often associated with intelligence and practical skills, particularly in the realms of art and science. Her presence in this context symbolizes the pursuit of knowledge and intellectual advancement, which are foundational to the fields of science and rational thought.

Minerva is depicted within the large fresco that covers the dome of the United States Capitol, illustrating the ideals and values that are central to American democracy and progress. The choice of Minerva to represent Science emphasizes the importance of wisdom and knowledge in guiding society towards enlightenment and innovation.

The other figures mentioned serve different symbolic purposes: Goddess Victoria represents victory; Neptune, the god of the sea, embodies maritime elements; and Mercury, a messenger and god of commerce, signifies trade and communication. Each figure contributes to a broader narrative of American ideals but does not specifically embody the concept of Science like Minerva does.