Which of the following cases was held in the Old Supreme Court chamber?

The case that was held in the Old Supreme Court chamber is McCulloch v. Maryland. This landmark decision was issued in 1819, a time when the Supreme Court met in various locations, including the Old Supreme Court chamber in the Capitol building. This case is significant because it established the principle of federal supremacy and clarified the scope of Congressional powers through the Necessary and Proper Clause.

In the context of U.S. history, McCulloch v. Maryland played a crucial role in defining the balance of power between the federal government and the states, reinforcing the idea that the federal government holds implied powers beyond those explicitly stated in the Constitution. This ruling has had lasting implications for the development of federalism in the United States.

Other cases listed, such as Brown v. Board of Education, Roe v. Wade, and Obergefell v. Hodges, were all decided in the 20th or 21st centuries and took place in the current Supreme Court building, which opened in 1935. Hence, they cannot be associated with the Old Supreme Court chamber, making McCulloch v. Maryland the correct choice.